Reference books and classifications
|
|
|
|
Alcohol may be less harmful for people over 50 |
|
|
26/07/2019
A recent study examines the health impact of consuming alcohol at different ages. The authors conclude that, for people over the age of 50, the health risks may be less severe.
Heavy drinking is linked to a range of serious health consequences.
These include certain cancers, liver and heart disease, and damage to the nervous system, including the brain.
However, as has been exhaustively covered in the popular press, drinking in moderation might have certain health benefits.
A number of studies have concluded that drinking alcohol at a low level could have a protective effect.
One study, for instance, found that light and moderate drinking protected against all-cause mortality, as well as mortality related to cardiovascular disease.
It is no surprise that these stories have been well-received and widely read, but not all researchers agree, and the debate is ongoing.
A recent study led by Dr. Timothy Naimi, of the Boston Medical Center in Massachusetts, adds further fuel to an already rampant blaze.
The authors take aim at the methodology used in earlier studies, and they published their findings in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs earlier this week.
A fresh approach
The researchers argue that the way that earlier studies measured alcohol's impact on health might be flawed. Specifically, they note that the studies are generally observational and usually recruit participants over the age of 50.
The authors argue that this is problematic because it excludes anyone who might have died due to alcohol before the age of 50.
As they dryly point out, "Deceased persons cannot be enrolled in cohort studies."
Dr. Naimi first outlined his concerns about this inherent selection bias in a paper published in the journal Addiction in 2017.
"Those who are established drinkers at age 50 are 'survivors' of their alcohol consumption who [initially] might have been healthier or have had safer drinking patterns."
Dr. Timothy Naimi
According to the authors, almost 40 percent of deaths due to alcohol consumption occur before the age of 50.
This means that the vast majority of research into the potential risks of alcohol do not take these deaths into account and could underestimate the real dangers.
To reinvestigate, the authors dipped into data from the Alcohol-Related Disease Impact Application which is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
According to the CDC, this application "provides national and state estimates of alcohol-related health impacts, including deaths and years of potential life lost."
The difference of age
The analysis showed that the level of an individual's alcohol-related risk was heavily influenced by age.
In total, 35.8 percent of alcohol-related deaths occurred in people aged 20–49.
When looking at deaths that were prevented by alcohol consumption, the scientists found only 4.5 percent in this age group.
When they looked at individuals aged 65 or over, it was a different story: Although a similar 35 percent of alcohol-related deaths occurred in this group, the authors found a huge 80 percent of the deaths prevented by alcohol in this demographic.
The researchers also saw this stark difference between age groups when they looked at the number of potential years lost to alcohol.
They showed that 58.4 percent of the total number of years lost occurred in those aged 20–49. However, this age group only accounted for 14.5 percent of the years of life saved by drinking.
The authors conclude that younger people "are more likely to die from alcohol consumption than they are to die from a lack of drinking," but older people are more likely to experience the health benefits of moderate drinking.
Although the conclusions are not explosive, they bring us a more complete understanding of alcohol's impact on health: Moderate drinking may benefit people of a certain age group, but heavy drinking is harmful to all. |
|
|
|
|
|
medicalnewstoday.com |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E-APTIEKA
THAT You searched, possibly HERE >>> E-Shop of Health |
|
| Zobu birste Megasonex komplekts 140.00 €
Megasonex komplekts
Megasonex ultraskaņas zobu birste. Jaunākā zobu aplikumu noņemšanas metode, kas ar 1.6MHz frekvenci (ultraskaņu) šķeļ uz zobu virsmas atrodošās baktēriju ķēdes.
Precīza zobu birstes galviņa
Kompaktā MEGASONEX® zobu birstes galviņas pieejamas divos zobārstu rekomendētajos biezumus – mīkstā (Soft) un vidēji cietā (Medium). MEGASONEX® zobu birstes galviņas īpaši izstrādātas, lai būtu viegli manevrēt un iztīrīt visgrūtāk aizsniedzamās vietas mutes dobumā. Katrs zobu birstes sariņš meistarīgi izgatavots no ultrasmalkām Dupont Tynex® šķiedrām – zelta standarts šajā nozarē, un pēc tam pulēti līdz pilnībai, izmantojot īpašu procesu, lai izlīdzinātu šķiedru asās malas un veidotu mīkstu, noapaļotu galu. 17mm Megacrystal™Pateicoties īpaši apmācītiem speciālistiem, marķētais ierīces komponents – 17mm Megacrystal™ (megakristālu plāksnīte) iebūvēts zobu birstes tievajā galā, kas izstaro terapeitiskās 1.6 MHz ultraskaņas viļņus. Šis kristāliskās tehnoloģijas komponents ir tik advansēts, ka pirms tā eksportēšanas, ir nepieciešams saņemt īpašu atļauju no ASV militārā dienesta.
Zobu birstes galviņas stiprinātājs Twist-lock
Pateicoties patentētam dubultās bloķēšanas stiprinātājam Twist lock, ir iespējams mainīt zobu birstes galviņas. Bet, iegādājoties MEGASONEX® Ultraskaņas mēles tīrītāju, jūs varēsiet tikpat viegli pārveidot savu zobu birsti par pasaulē vienīgo ultraskaņas mēles tīrītāju.
Ātruma režīmu
izvēles slēdzisMEGASONEX® piedāvā Jums pašiem izvēlēties kā vēlaties rūpēties par saviem zobiem. Tāpēc papildus terapeitiskajai 1.6 MHz frekvences ultraskaņai, kad zobu birste ir ieslēgta, Jūs varat izvēlēties skaņas, t.s. sonisko, zobu birstes galviņas kustību ātrumu: nospiežot pogu vienu reizi, zobu birste veiks 18.000 kustību minūtē, kas salīdzināms ar citām skaņas (soniskajām) zobu birstēm; nospiežot pogu divas reizes, zobu birste veiks 9000 kustību minūtē; nospiežot pogu trīs reizes, tiks izstarota tikai ultraskaņa, bez skaņas – manuālais tīrīšanas režīms.
Ultraskaņas indikators
Tā kā ultraskaņa ir skaņa, kuru cilvēks nevar dzirdēt, zobu birstei ir zils ultraskaņas indikators, lai jūs zinātu, kad tiek izstarota terapeitiskā 1,6MHz ultraskaņa.
Uzlādes indikators
Ar uzlādētu bateriju zobu birste darbosies līdz pat divām nedēļām. Kad uzlādes līmenis ir zems, sāks mirgot sarkans indikators. Kad baterija ir pilnībā uzlādēta, deg balts indikators.
Tā sastāvā ietilpst:
* Zobu birste; * 2 zobu birstes galviņas (1 –mīksta; 1- vidēji mīksta); * Lādētājs/statīvs * Strāvas pārveidotājs; * Ceļojumu penālis; * Lietošanas instrukcija. | | Air ionizer Iventus210 74.50 € Telpām līdz 20 kv.m. Ierīce jonizē gaisu, izmantojot elektronu jonizācijas plazmas sistēmu. Tai nav nepieciešams nomainīt filtrus, tāpēc to lietot ir ļoti vienkārši. Smalkais jonizatora dizains iekļausies jūsu interjerā.
Gaisa jonizators attīra gaisu telpās, bagātina gaisu ar negatīvi lādētiem aerojoniem. Tas attīra gaisu no putekļiem, ziedputekšņiem, sēnītēm, vīrusiem, mājdzīvnieku blaugznām un apmatojuma pūkām, kukaiņu mikrodaļiņām, tabakas un citām nepatīkamām smakām. Novietots tuvu elektrostatisko lauku avotiem (ieslēgtiem televizoriem, datoru monitoriem) jonizators 5-10 reizes samazina pozitīvo lādiņu spriegumu, ko radījuši šie avoti. Tāpēc jonizatoru vajadzētu novietot 0,5 -1,0 m no šiem avotiem.
Jonizatora izstarotie ultravioletie (UV) stari, iznīcina baktērijas un mikrobus, dezinficē telpu.
Ierīcei ir 3 darba režīmi:
- gaisa jonizācija,
- UV stari,
- gaisa jonizācija + UV stari.
Ierīce neaizņem papildus vietu, jo tās kontaktdakša ir iemontēta tieši korpusā, kas ļauj to novietot tieši pie sienas.
Ekonomiska – patēre tikai 8W elektriskās enerģijas. | |
|
|